Jets from Young Stars II: Clues from High Angular Resolution Observations - Lecture Notes in Physics 2008 edition

Marc Notes: Based on publisher-provided data.; Conference proceedings. Table of Contents: Jet Emission.- Stellar Jets: Clues to the Process of Star and Planet Formation.- Measurement of Physical Conditions in Stellar Jets.- Adaptive Optics, and Space Observations Spectro-astrometry.- Basic Concepts and Parameters of Astronomical AO Systems.- IR Spectroscopy of Jets: Diagnostics and HAR Observations.- Observing YSO Jets with Adaptive Optics: Techniques and Main Results.- Spectro-astrometry: The Method, its Limitations, and Applications.- Observations of YSO Jets from Space: HST and Beyond.- Observations and Models of X-ray Emission from Jets of Infant Stars.- Interferometry: Technique and Applications.- Principles of Interferometry.- (Sub)mm Interferometry Applications in Star Formation Research.- Observing Young Stellar Objects with Very Large Telescope Interferometer.- Presentation of AMBER/VLTI Data Reduction.- High Angular Resolution Observations of Disks. Description for Sales People: This volume offers a background in modern high spatial resolution techniques, illustrating how such methods have impacted on our understanding of young stars. It provides hands-on insight into observing from space as well as the ground, the use of interferometers at millimeter and infrared wavelengths, spectro-astrometry, image analysis and spectral diagnostic techniques, and High Angular Resolution studies of the inner regions of circumstellar disks that play a fundamental role in jet launching. It also gives practical guidance on writing proposals and papers as well as developing public outreach skills. Publisher Marketing: Atomic jets and molecular out?ows from Young Stellar Objects (YSOs) are among the most spectacular of astrophysical phenomena. Approaching this topic, one gets immediately trapped by the breathtaking beauty of the op- calimagestakenfromEarthorSpacewithmoderntelescopes, onlytodiscover soonafterthatthephysicsthatregulatestheirpropertiesisevenmoreintri- ing. Out?ows are believed to play a fundamental role in the formationprocess of a new star and its planets, as they could be the principal agent for the removal of the excess angular momentum from the star-disk system. Their generation mechanism, still poorly understood, involves a complex interplay of gravity, turbulence, and magnetic forces, while their propagation into the surrounding medium a?ects through the action of shocks and ionizing fronts the way the parent cloud evolves, and hence the future generations of young stars. A deep understanding of stellar jets is therefore fundamental to any theory of Star Formation. The motivation of the four-year JETSET (Jet Simulations, Experiments and Theory) Marie Curie Research Training Network is to build an int- disciplinary European research community focused on the study of jets from youngstars. Thenetwork sscienti?cgoalsfocusonunderstanding(1)thedr- ing mechanisms of jets around young stars; (2) the cooling-heating processes, instabilities, and shock structures in stellar and laboratory jets; and (3) the impact of jets on energy balance and star formation in the galactic medium. Central to these overall goals are the series of JETSET schools dedicated to the training of our young researchers in key jet topics."